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Mathematical exposure modeling is an indirect method of determining exposure, particularly for human exposure to environmental contaminants. It is useful when direct measurement of pollutant concentration is not feasible because direct measurement sometimes requires skilled professionals and complex, expensive laboratory equipment. The ability to make inferences in the absence of direct measurements, makes exposure modeling a powerful tool for predicting exposures by exploring hypothetical situations. It allows researchers to ask "what if" questions about exposure scenarios. == Modeling indoor air == Mathematical modeling is commonly used to determine human exposure to indoor air pollution. Studies have shown that humans spend about 90% of their time indoors, and contaminant levels may be as high or higher inside than outside, due to the presence of multiple indoor contaminant sources, in combination with poor ventilation. Indoor air modeling requires information on a number of parameters including the air exchange rate, deposition rate, source emission rate, and physical volume of the indoor setting. Indoor environments can basically be thought of as closed systems, so models describing them are usually based on the "mass balance" equation. It is also assumed that a pollutant emitted into an indoor environment instantly spreads uniformly throughout the system, so that the concentration is the same at any point in space at any point in time. Mathematically, the total pollutant mass emitted inside a chamber during time T can be expressed as ::Gsource(T) = :where ::Gsource(T) = total mass contributed by the source over time T (e.g., mg) ::g(t) = emission flow rate as a function of time t (e.g., mg/min) The total mass lost during time T can be expressed as ::Qlost(T) = :where ::Qlost(T) = total mass lost from the chamber over time T (e.g., mg) ::x(t) = concentration of pollutant in the air exiting the chamber (e.g., mg/m3) ::w = flow rate of air exiting the chamber (e.g., m3/min) Following the principle of the "mass balance" equation, the total mass in the chamber at time T, is the difference between the two equations above, mass generated during time T minus mass lost during time T. This value may also be calculated from the equation ::Total mass inside the chamber at time T = vx(T) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mathematical exposure modeling」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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